Like a Feather Bringing Kingdoms to Their Knees. free essay sample

This line from a tune I heard in Breaking Dawn Part 1 advanced toward the Google search bar and Just then I recognized what the title of such an exquisite piece Is. Gracious, all the feels! Isnt it all the more satisfying to hear a customary gooey line with all the Images, and interesting expressions in it? I wish to post just my preferred lines In the tune, yet then as I read through it, each word matters: Sleeping At Last Ive held up a hundred years. Be that as it may, Id Walt a million more for you. Nothing readied me forWhat the benefit of being yours would do. In the event that I had just felt the glow inside your touch, If I had possibly perceived how you grin when you become flushed, Or how you twist your lip when you concentrate enough, I would have recognized what I was living for from the start. What Ive been living for. We will compose a custom paper test on Like a Feather Bringing Kingdoms to Their Knees. or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Your affection is my turning page, Where just the best words remain. Each kiss is a cursive line, Every touch is a reclassifying expression. I give up who Ive been for what your identity is, For nothing makes me more grounded than your delicate heart.If I had just felt how it feels to be yours, Well, I would have realized what Ive been living for from the start. What Ive been living for. In spite of the fact that were fastened to the story we should tell, When I saw you, well, I knew marry disclose to It well. With a murmur, we will tame the awful oceans. Like a quill pushing realms to the edge of total collapse. Presently, the kiss being contrasted with a cursive line How Is a peruser expected to feel? All things considered, as we could Imagine, a cursive Is made out of strokes and twists and each descriptive word that presents to you this unexplainable light feeling.Mm-stitch? At this moment I could Imagine how the speakers world eases back down as his lips contacts the others and all the feelings are being suspended in that exact second. Feeling of fervor. Given that each touch implies another definition, the line appears to me as a firecracker show which carries me to stunningness with each shading that would fill the sky. The last two lines of the tune are absolutely not the least! I love the wonderful way the words murmur, tame, and horrendous are placed in one sentence.The differentiate enlightens the force that the speakers vigor brings. Also, the last line Its still very muddled to me how the realms should mean. Be that as it may, rather than this line giving me a definition, it is fairly giving me a sentiment of quietness. The quills, despite the fact that the shading isn't indicated, depicts a picture of weightlessness Free from loads. Perceive how these little words, having their own unmistakable flavors, when assembled produces a totally different emotional taste. Verse is simply astounding that way.

Marketing has developed tremendously with the evolution of technology

Promoting has grown massively with the development of innovation Promoting has grown massively with the development of innovation. The web, which is proceeding to develop quickly, is one of the most significant innovations that have influenced showcasing. It has devastated all limits, for example, time and separation. Makers would now be able to associate with clients with no limitations. Both Ryan and Jones (2011) and Brennan and Schafer (2010) talked about how portability influences showcasing and that it is a lot simpler to promote since you can arrive at anybody, whenever, anyplace. Day and Bens (2005) expressed that it additionally gave an open door for little provincial organizations to get to greater markets and contend globally. The web opens clients to these different markets, which allows them to browse a more extensive scope of items so they would discover precisely what they are searching for. Another positive effect of innovation on promoting is that it permits organizations to store data about every client so as to comprehend them al l the more completely utilizing past social information. Getting input from clients has another significant job in promoting. Knowing the shortcomings and qualities of their item would be amazingly helpful in the event that they got criticism from clients in a split second. In the event that there were any lacks or characteristics in the item which clients were whining about, the makers could discover arrangements or upgrade their item as quickly as time permits so it doesn't bring about a misfortune in deals. Then again accepting positive criticism and knowing the qualities of their item tells them what to concentrate on in assembling the following item or what to concentrate on in promoting for this item. Other than that, it is progressively helpful for buyers to do their shopping on the web since online stores have no end hours. Today, with the presentation of innovation the method of advertising changes. The most significant innovation which change the method of doing promoting is web. Presently a day's web is all over. Web wipes out all the hindrances of speaking with individuals and furthermore kills separation limits. Presently it's simple for organizations to speak with their clients with no restrictions and obstructions. As indicated by Ryan and Jones (2011) and Brennan and Schafer (2010) Publicizing has developed enormously with the headway of advancement. The web, which is continuing to grow rapidly, is a champion among the most basic advances that have affected advancing. It has crushed all cutoff points, for instance, time and division. Makers would now have the option to connect with customers without any goals. Both Ryan and Jones (2011) and Brennan and Schafer (2010) discussed how versatility impacts advancing and that it is fundamentally less requesting to plug since you can accomplish anyone, at whatever point, wherever. Day and Bens (2005) communicated that it also gave an open entryway for minimal nearby associations to get to more noteworthy markets and battle all around. The web opens customers to these various markets, which permits them to peruse a progressively broad extent of things so they would find accurately what they are scanning for. Another beneficial outcome of advancement on advancing is that it empowers associations to store information abou t each customer remembering the ultimate objective to appreciate them even more totally using past social data. Getting contribution from customers has another basic part in displaying. Knowing the inadequacies and characteristics of their thing would be by and large supportive in case they got contribution from customers in a brief instant. In case there were any inadequacies or characteristics in the thing which customers were crying about, the creators could find courses of action or improve their thing at the soonest opportunity so it doesn't realize an adversity in bargains. On the other hand tolerating positive analysis and knowing the characteristics of their thing mentions to them what to base on in amassing the accompanying thing or what to base on in publicizing for this thing. Other than that, it is increasingly useful for clients to do their shopping on the web since online stores have no closure hours.

Crossing the Line essays

Going too far articles What makes contention? Contention is caused when a thought or an idea negates the customary accepted practices. In any case, without thoughts, we would not be the place we are today. Craftsmanship has seen so much transformation that looking at old style workmanship and contemporary workmanship one sees radical contrasts. In this way development and diversion has gotten practically compulsory to keep up expressions ease. Disputable craftsmanship is just a phrasing for unique and imaginative reasoning. Workmanship isn't a wrongdoing. Workmanship should go too far. It exists to incite thought and debate. From the beginning of time, when society was traditionalist, among the first to be assaulted are imaginative organizations. Writing, music, workmanship, cries of, erotic entertainment, qualities, and taste. Without these perspectives then craftsmanship would be dull. Dubious craftsman standing out as truly newsworthy is, Chris Cooper, otherwise called, Coop. Coop is most likely most popular to America as the craftsman liable for a humiliating work of art of a couple of bare ladies, spoke to as female fiends taking part in realistic, unequivocal lesbian sex. The canvas including bodily delights between two ladies turned into the front of the ongoing Lords of Acid collection, Voodoo-U. The canvas had additionally caused a national discussion including sex entertainment and craftsmanship. Coop's specialty, particularly through his subject of a sexual lady as a fiend, is sexist clarifying that such striking considerations of sexuality couldn't run over a womans mind. This created a lot of scene in the moderate and oblivious societys as it tested each part of tolerable human culture. Coop steps a similar turf as Manet did in, The Olympia, and Duchamp did with, Le Voyeur, artistic creations that in their time blended contention to the edits too, and motivated discussions that have constrained untold millions to scrutinize their convictions, and the general public that instructed them. Because of dubious craftsmen like Coop, Manet and Duchamp the discussion concerning sex entertainment and workmanship will proceed, a... <!

Chinas Reform and Opening-Up Policy Essay Example for Free

Chinas Reform and Opening-Up Policy Essay Deng Xiaoping according to all the Chinese individuals are exceptionally acquainted with, in light of the fact that he proposed the change and opening up strategy, China has experienced huge changes, China not just in the monetary, political, social, social and different fields, different perspectives have gained extraordinary ground. I will separate my discourse into three sections, the initial segment of the economy, the essential phase of communism, the fundamental financial framework has been built up. Modify and improve the proprietorship structure, changes in the possession structure of open proprietorship as the principle body, and an assortment of types of possession build up the fundamental financial framework. The change of state-possessed undertakings gained ​significant ground. 30 years as the focal connection of the monetary change, the administration framework and activity system change of state-possessed ventures kept on developing. A large portion of the rebuilding of state-possessed ventures as assorted investors corporate endeavors, state-claimed economy and basic alteration advances, enormously invigorate the essentialness of undertakings, upgrade the control and impact of the state-possessed economy. The new full scale control framework step by step idealized. Break the conventional exceptionally incorporated arranging and the board framework, and continuously build up a large scale control framework to adjust to the necessities of the communist market economy, the change of government capacities, arranging, venture, money and tax collection, fund, remote trade, the value framework change has accomplished noteworthy advancement in the arrangement of national arranging and financial , fiscal strategy and the coordination of full scale control framework. The subsequent part, asset designation, salary appropriation framework is experiencing a crucial change. Built up conveyance as per work is predominant and an assortment of methods of circulation exist together appropriation framework, the foundation of the creation elements of work, capital, innovation and the executives arrangement of dispersion as indicated by commitment. Accentuation on the treatment of the connection between the underlying dispersion and redistribution in the effectiveness and decency, give full play to the excitement. The third part, standardized savings, government disability arrangement of Chinese qualities essentially shaped. Building up and ceaselessly improving the urban essential mature age protection framework, the arrangement of the urban and rustic fundamental clinical protection framework, and continually improve the joblessness protection, modern injury protection and maternity protection framework, for the most part set up least living security framework for urban and country occupants, and step by step improve the social help framework.

Extraction of metals and Alloys Essays

Extraction of metals and Alloys Essays Extraction of metals and Alloys Paper Extraction of metals and Alloys Paper A combination is a blend of metals, which may have extraordinary and improved characteristics from metal components, which make it. The level of components in a combination can be custom fitted to the application or reason it is being made for. Typically a combination is made of one metal (the base metal) with limited quantities of different metals included. Different metals supplant the situation of the base metal in its structure. Extraction of Metals A component or a compound in nature inside the earths outside is known as a mineral. They have a level of metal which can be extricated. This is known as a metal. The most widely recognized metal minerals are oxides and sulfides. Sulfides are the most established metals. Oxides are shaped when photosynthesis in plants discharge oxygen into the air. Metal minerals are an unending asset and once they are utilized, they are no more. Reusing helps this. For the most part 50% of all metal is reused through piece metal offices. The Reactivity Series (See reference section chart 1) A metal that is under carbon in the Reactivity Series (zinc to silver) can be extricated from its metal by warming with carbon. Carbon is utilized as it is effectively accessible and its modest (coke and charcoal are both carbon). The metal is then diminished by the carbon. Hydrogen might be utilized to lessen different metals which are lower than it on the Reactivity Series. It is more costly than carbon. It is just utilized for the extraction of tungsten. Gold and platinum are found normally as components and don't should be diminished. Silver and copper are likewise normally found. Extraction of Metals and Alloying Metal minerals are found in the earth. They are rocks containing mineral or metal mixes or metals themselves and should be extricated or expelled from the stones and the ground. To extricate a metal from its minerals you have to know its reactivity. The procedure includes a compound response where the metal is isolated from different components in the mineral. History of Metal Extraction Metals have been utilized by individuals for a large number of years. Gold and silver found in nature, were utilized for gems to show how well off individuals were. These two metals are too delicate to be in any way utilized as instruments. The principal valuable metal found was bronze (the Bronze Age). Bronze was utilized a great deal for apparatuses and weapons in Asia and Africa from 4500 B.C. furthermore, in Britain from 2000 B.C. Bronze isn't a component however a composite of copper and tin. Metals of copper and tin can be diminished by warming with carbon. This would have occurred as individuals lit wood fires in a spot where tin and copper mineral were. The consumed wood would have made the minerals (copper and tin) into bronze. After the Bronze Age, coal fires were utilized to create enough temperature for the extraction of iron (henceforth the Iron Age) The Iron Age started in Asia and Africa in 1100 B.C and in Britain in 500 B.C. Metals above carbon in the reactivity arrangement must be extricated by electrolysis. With the disclosure of power in the nineteenth century, this permitted the extraction of progressively receptive metals. Aluminum has been removed since around 1870. (a long time since they discovered iron and 6000 years since they discovered bronze). Extraction of Aluminum Aluminum is the third generally copious (ample) component in the Earths covering. It is increasingly plentiful and the more costly to create contrasted and iron. This is on the grounds that it takes a great deal of power for the extraction procedure of electrolysis to occur. Around half of aluminum utilized is reused. It takes less vitality to reuse aluminuim than to remove it from its mineral. Taking care of expenses of aluminuim in the reusing procedure adds to this. Aluminum is high in the Reactivity Series and is impervious to consumption as a slight layer of aluminum oxide on its surface shields it from eroding. Aluminuim has the metal called bauxite. Bauxite has aluminum oxide, water, iron and different things. The purged metal is called alumina (aluminum oxide). Alumina should be fluid or liquid before the extraction technique for electrolysis can occur. Alumina has a high dissolving point, so electrolysis is impossible at this temperature. Alumina can break up in cryolite, which causes it to have a lower liquefying point so electrolysis should be possible at about 950oC. The principle combination of aluminum is Duralumin. Aluminuim is likewise utilized in titanium amalgams. Duralumin is a composite of aluminuim (94%), copper (4%) and magnesium (1%). There may likewise be little amounts of manganese and silicon in the combination. Duralumin is a low thickness amalgam that has a more noteworthy solidarity to weight proportion than aluminum. Duralumin is utilized for airplane development. Properties and Uses of Aluminuim Aluminum is solid and has a low thickness. It is additionally impervious to consumption and can be handily bowed into any shape. Aluminum is a decent channel of warmth and power. It tends to be cleaned to accomplish an exceptionally intelligent surface. Aluminuim can be utilized for making airplane, lightweight vehicles, and stepping stools since it has a low thickness and it is solid. A composite of aluminum, called Duralumin is utilized rather than unadulterated aluminum in view of its improved properties. Aluminum, as it is anything but difficult to shape and consumption opposition, is a decent material for making drink jars and material. Its likewise utilized for nurseries and window outlines due to its low thickness and protection from rust. Aluminum is a decent conductor of warmth, so it tends to be utilized for boilers, cookers and cookware. As it is a decent transmitter of power, it is utilized for power links and wire. Aluminum is profoundly intelligent so its utilized in mirrors, reflectors and warmth safe garments for firemen to utilize. Separating Aluminum (See supplement graph 2) A steel holder is covered with carbon this is the negative terminal Electrolysis presently starts. As aluminum is denser than the alumina and cryolite, it tumbles to the base where it is tapped off as unadulterated fluid metal. Oxygen is expelled from the positive carbon cathodes. Oxygen responds with the carbon to frame make carbon dioxide. Extraction of Iron Iron is separated from its metal in a Blast Furnace. The mineral is called Haematite. This is iron oxide. The iron metal has pollutions in it, typically silica. Limestone is added to the iron mineral which responds with the silica which structures liquid calcium silicate in the impact heater. The calcium silicate glides on the fluid iron. Iron is low in the Reactivity Series, so iron metal is diminished into iron metal by warming with coke. How the Blast Furnace Works (See reference section Diagram 3) Tourist is impacted into the Blast Furnace which makes the carbon or coke to light. The temperature is about 2000oC. Carbon dioxide responds with the carbon and makes carbon monoxide. This diminishes iron in the mineral into iron metal. Iron at that point drops to the base as fluid iron and is tapped off varying. Properties and Uses of Iron Iron is an attractive metal. Iron from a Blast Furnace contains around 5% carbon which originates from the coke in the heater. It is placed into molds called pigs, and the iron is then called cast iron or pig iron. It is weak and breaks effectively, yet it has a decent protection from erosion contrasted with unadulterated iron or steel. Cast iron is utilized for sewer vent covers and for motor squares for petroleum and diesel motors. Carbon is expelled from liquid cast iron by gurgling air through it. The air responds with the carbon before it responds with the iron since its increasingly receptive (the carbon). Unadulterated iron with the carbon evacuated is called fashioned iron. This metal is handily formed and is utilized for fancy metal work like doors. The iron in the Blast Furnace is made into steel for use in development. Amalgams containing Iron The iron amalgams are steel, manganese steel and treated steel. Steel is an installation of iron and carbon. The level of carbon may change from 0.1% to 1.5% giving prepares various properties. Steel is reasonable and solid and handily formed. It very well may be utilized on the development of extensions, structures, boats and vehicles. The greater part of the steel is reused. Steel will require a defensive coat, similar to paint or it will rust. Rusting inverts the procedure that occurs in a Blast Furnace. Manganese steel is a compound of iron. Its iron (84%) and manganese (15%) and carbon (1%). It is exceptionally hard and is utilized for railroad focuses and digging hardware. Tempered steel is an amalgam of iron. It is iron (80%) and chromium (15%), nickel (4%) and carbon (1%). Tempered steel is solid, hard and opposes consumption. It is utilized in cookware, cutlery and mechanical compound plants. Consumption of Iron and Steel At the point when iron is presented to air it will come back to its oxide. This is called rusting or consuming. This procedure needs both oxygen and water, salt or corrosive will make eroding quicker. You can forestall rust by covering the surface so the air doesnt come into contact with it. It can likewise be secured by an increasingly receptive metal (See the Reactivity Series in the informative supplement chart 1). Iron and steel are generally ensured by paint, plastic covering or metal plating. Zinc plating is called electrifying. Chromium plating is utilized for haggles of vehicles to give a cleaned surface. Conciliatory assurance is utilized for ships, submerged pipelines and oil rigs. Extraction of Copper Copper is now and then found as a local metal. Copper metal can be diminished by making it respond with carbon. The most widely recognized route is by warming copper sulfide mineral which separates. The sullied copper that outcomes is called rankle copper. Around half of all copper is reused every year. Unadulterated copper is required for acceptable electrical conductivity. Unadulterated copper is produced using the extraction strategy for electrolysis. Extraction of Copper Purification (see addendum outline 4) The tainted copper, when power is gotten through the cell, copper breaks down at the anode into arrangement. Copper structures at the cathode by decrease. Copper particles move from the anode to the cathode. The anode gets littler and the cathode gets bigge

Onto the next world!

Onto the next world! In this past semester, the definition of home changed a lot for me. Today, I hung out with some friends from high school. We all noticed that we mellowed a lot over the course of college. I like this Cami, my friend had said earlier tonight. You seem happier. I am. Words cannot describe how much happier Ive been since Ive come to college.  I learned so much about myself, the world around me, and others throughout those past four months. Coming home for the first time after this whirlwind of a semester has left me somewhat stupefied, like a rollercoaster suddenly breaking down in the middle of the loopty loop or like my legs just seized up during my sprint. Ive spent this past semester doing so much and learning so muchonly to return to a house that does not feel like a home. Perhaps its a bit of an overexaggeration, but it seems that this is a commonly shared feeling among a lot of the students here at MIT, and maybe even just students in general. This was a confession posted recently on the page that really resonated with me. I felt it a little bit when I went home during Thanksgiving, but it truly hit me like a truck the moment I came back to California for winter break. Its strange to think that Ive come so far, that a personality could change so much in the time that Ive been here at MIT. And change, of course, isnt bad. I think Ive made a lot of steps in the right direction and Im really proud of where I am. And Ive tried to type this sentence out again and again but the words cant come out right and I dont know how else to describe it so please bear with me. Being back home makes me feel small. Being back home has made me realize that the person I am now is the person Ive always wanted to be. Ive always wanted to be loud and rambunctious and drastically open about everything and anything. Ive always wanted to pursue this strange junction of media and STEM, always wanted to bake and watch weird movies and dance like an idiot and play video games unabashedly. This is the person I was  meant to be. And MIT gave me that chance to explore these parts of myself I never felt comfortable being so loudly. And being back home makes me feel like I have to quiet all of that again. I spent a lot of my high school life trying to act tough a dont fuck with me or I fuck with you kind of attitude. Dont trust anyone cause theyll just backstab you mentality. Everyone is fake and theyre against you. But, in reality, Im incredibly soft. I gush about my friends constantly, have the utmost admiration for everything they are and everything they will be. Im amazed at nearly every single person at MIT, but there are moments where I go back into that weird, defensive shell. Ill make offhanded comments about people because I dont trust them, not because they did  something, but because I  think  theyll do something. Its strange having to reprogram all of that, and in these past four months, I think Ive made progress in terms of learning to trust people and see the good in people and just allow myself to be as affectionate and as soft as Ive always wanted to be. But Im afraid that being back home will ruin all that for me, that Ill revert into the person that I was rather than the person I am now and the person I want to be. I was talking to the 24s and some of them voiced some concerns that there wouldnt be a place for them at MIT. And while I know its virtually impossible that MIT is the right fit for everyone, there was something so undeniable at MIT, something that just screamed home. It wasnt immediate, no, not at all. And it doesnt have to be. For some people it takes minutes, others it takes days, maybe even weeks. I still remember the moment it hit me. I was sitting at my desk in my room and Emma, Aidan, and Raymond were sat on my floor, eating Annas they had bought earlier in the night. And we were talking about how we havent seen each other in so long and that it was absolutely insane that we still kept in contact even after CPW. We talked and talked and talked and I think Mariia might have come in at one point and she felt kind of awkward cause she didnt really know these people and hell, I didnt really know her. But there was something very good about this moment. This moment seemed to tell me that these are the people that will keep me safe and help me grow and that there will be more people like this here. And I knew I was where I belonged and I knew I could say and do and be whatever I wanted. Since Ive been back, Ive been telling my mom I want to go home to which she responds But you are. And I shake my head and smile a bit warily because I know she probably wont take this well, but I simply repeat again No, I want to go home. And she knows what I mean. I love my childhood home. Ive grown up in the same house for the past seventeen years, how could I not? There are an incredible amount of memories in this house stored in every floorboard, in every magnet on the fridge, in every stupid little souvenir. Hell, my bookshelf is full of items that arent even usable anymore like broken flashlights and cracked Easter egg shells, but I still keep them anyway because I like the memories tied to them. It isnt that the house doesnt feel like home anymore, its that California doesnt feel like home. I feel like, for the time being, Ive exhausted all that California can offer me right now. I dont know how to explain this without making a stupid video game metaphor so Im going to make the stupid video game metaphor. California feels like the first world of many on this long, long journey. Ive completed every main quest, done as many sidequests as I feel like doing, and now, I really just want to go to Cambridge, the next level. There, theres a whole new world waiting for me that I just cant wait to explore. Perhaps one day California will feel like home again. Maybe in the future itll release some DLC and then Ill have new things to learn and gain from it. Dont get me wrong, its nice to visit. I love seeing my high school friends again and my teachers and eating some actual good fucking food. But at the same time, MIT has stolen my heart for these next four to five years and I will continue to quest on with my trusty squadron of seven great knights and together we will tackle whatever adventures MIT throws at us. Metaphors aside, MIT has very quickly redefined what home is to me in such a short amount of time. When I think of home, I no longer envision sandy beaches and traffic jams and private school uniforms. Instead, I see late nights in Loop lounge, Stud5 study sessions, Random basement shenanigans, and my seven best friends standing by my side. MIT is home. And I know I said it before, but I think it really, really is now.

Organizational Design and Structure - Free Essay Example

ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN AND ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE An organization is a pattern of relationships-many interwoven, simultaneous relationships- through which people, under the direction of managers, pursue their common goals. These goals are the products of the decision making processes. The goals that managers develop through planning are typically ambitious, far-reaching, and open-ended. Managers want to ensure that their organizations can endure for a long time. Members of an organization need a stable, understandable framework within which they can work together toward organizational goals. The managerial process of organizing involves making decisions about creating this kind of framework so that organizations can last from the present well into the future. Managers must take into account two kinds of factors when they organize. First, they must outline their goals for the organization, their strategic plans for pursuing those goals, and the capabilities at their organizations for carrying out those strategic plans.   Secondly, simultaneously, managers must consider what is going on now, and what is likely to happen in the future, in the organizational environment. At the intersection of those two sets of factors plans and environments- managers make decisions that match goals, strategic plans, and capabilities with environmental factors. This crucial first step in organizing, which logically follows from planning, is the process of organizational design. The specific pattern of relationships that managers create in this process is called the organizational structure. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Is a framework that managers devise for dividing and coordinating the activities of members of an organization? Because strategies and environmental circumstances differ from one organization to the next, there are a variety of possible organizational structures. TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES Organizational structure refers to the way in which an organ ization’s activities are divided, grouped, and coordinated into relationships between managers and employees, managers and managers, and employees and employees. An organization’s departments can be formally structured in three major ways:   By Function   By Product/Market   Matrix Form   FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE Organization by function brings together in one department everyone engaged in one activity or several related activities that are called functions. For example, an organization divided by function might have separate manufacturing, marketing, and sales departments. A sales manager in such an organization would be responsible for the sale of all products manufactured by the firm. Advantages: Functional organization is perhaps the most logical and basic from of departmentalization.. It is used mainly by smaller firms that offer a limited line of products because it. Makes efficient use of specialized resources.   It makes supervision e asier, since each manager must be expert in only a narrow range of skills. In addition.   A functional structure makes it easier to mobilize specialize skills and bring them to bear where they are most needed. Disadvantages: As an organization grows, either by expanding geographically or by broadening its product line, some of the disadvantages of the functional structure begin to surface. Because   Functional managers have to report to central headquarters; it can be difficult to get quick decisions. It is often harder to determine accountability and judge performance in a functional structure. If a new product fails, who is to blame-research and development, production, or marketing?   Finally, coordinating the functions of members of the entire organization may become a problem for top managers. Because members of each department may feel isolated from (or superior to) those in other departments. They may have difficulty working with others in a unified way to achieve the o rganization’s goals. For example, the manufacturing department may concentrate on meeting cost standards and delivery dates and neglect quality control. As a result, the service department may be flooded with complaints. In short, a functional structure can be a difficult setting in which managers must coordinate employees’ activities.   PRODUCT/MARKET ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE Product or market organization, often referred to as organization by division, brings together in one work unit all those involved in the production and marketing of a product or a related group of products, all those in a certain geographic area, or all those dealing with a certain type of customer. Most large, multi product companies, such as General Motors, have a product or market organization structure. At some point in an organization’s existence, sheer size and diversity of products make functional departments too unwieldy. When a company’s depart metallization becomes too complex for coordinating the functional structure, top management will generally create semiautonomous division. In each division, management and employees design, produce, and market their own products. Unlike a functional department a division resembles a separate business. The division head focuses primarily on the operations of his or her division, is accountable for profit or loss, and may even compete with other units of the same firm. But a division is unlike a separate business in one crucial aspect: the division manager must still report to central headquarters. A product/market organization can follow one of three patterns   Most obvious is division by product   Division by geography is generally used by service, financial, and other non-manufacturing firms as well as by mining and oil-producing companies. Geographic organization is logical when a plant must be located as close as possible to sources of raw materials, to major markets, or to specialized perso nnel.   In division by customer, the organization is divided according to the different ways customers use products. Advantages: Organization by division (Product/Market) has several advantages. Because all the activities, skills, and expertise requisites to produce and market particular products are grouped in one place under a single head, a whole job can more easily be coordinated. High work performance maintained.   In addition, both the quality and the speed of decision making are enhanced because decisions made at the divisional level are closer to the scene of the scene of action. At the same time.   The burden on central management is eased because divisional managers have greater latitude to act. Perhaps most important, accountability is clear. The performance of divisional management can be measured in terms of the division’s profit or loss. Disadvantages: The divisional structure does have some disadvantages, however.   The interests of the division may be placed ahead of the goals for the total organization. For example, because they are vulnerable to profit and loss performance reviews, division heads may take short-term gains at the expense of long-range profitability. In addition, administrative expenses increase because each division has its own staff members and specialists, leading to costly duplication of skills. MATRIX ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE/MULTIPLE COMMAND SYSTEM The matrix structure, sometime referred to as a â€Å"multiple command system,† is a hybrid that attempts to combine the benefits of both types of designs while avoiding their drawbacks. An organization with a matrix structure has two types of structure existing simultaneously. Employees have in effect two bosses-that is, they work in two chains of command. One chain of command is functional or divisional. The second is a horizontal overlay that combines people from various divisions or functional department into a roject or business team led by a proj ect or group manager who is an expert in the team’s assigned area of specialization. Advantages/Disadvantages THE FORMAL AND INFORMAL ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE   Formal organizational Structure   Informal organizational Structure   Formal organizational Structure Organization charts are useful for showing the formal organizational structure and who is responsible for certain tasks. In reality, though, the organization chart cannot begin to capture the interpersonal that make up the informal organizational structure.   Informal organizational Structure Herbert A. Simon has described this as â€Å"the in interpersonal relationships in the organization that affect decisions within it but either are omitted from the formal scheme or are not consistent with it. For example, during a busy period, one employee may turn to another for help rather than going through a manager. Or an employee in sales may establish a working relationship with an employee in production, who can provide information about product availability faster than the formal reporting system.

Hcs 535 Public Health and Healthcare - 1394 Words

Public health and health care Concepts of Population Health HCS/535 The Center for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, coordinate efforts in conjunction with states and other partnersto offer a system of health surveillance, which would monitor and prevent disease outbreaks, which includes bioterrorism. The goal of the agency is to implement strategies to prevent diseases as well as maintain national health statistics. Another role of the CDC is to safeguard against international disease transmission, this is vital as the agency has personnel located several countries outside the United States. Looking at the agency’s core functions, examining influences in the workplace, and identifying roles of the agency personnel is vital to†¦show more content†¦The rapidity of the agency is hinged on past years of targeted scientific development and experiences, with the main focus on the health of the public health. This proficiencysteers the agency in the direction which is criticalin securing the state and local public health systems (N ovick, Morrow, Mays, 2008). CDC partners with the Center for Global Health, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, and the Office of the Director. This combination is referred to as the Center Institute and Office (CIO). Under the direction of the CIO, the organization is now able to be more alert and effective regarding health matters. Additionally, there are five affiliated offices which are connectedto the CIO; these are the Public Health Preparedness and Response, State and Local Support, Surveillance, Epidemiology and Laboratory Services, Noncommunicable Diseases, Injury and Environmental Health, and Infectious Diseases. The sub-set offices are able to perform CDC’s emergency procedures in accord to their range of proficiency offering intra-agency reinforcement and reserve distribution based on concerns and health threats(Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], n.d.). Influence on Health Care The CDCsupports the health care system by its actions of prevention, surveillance, and communication. Through the prevention initiatives some diseases areShow MoreRelatedExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pages11:54 Page 599 Guide to using the case studies The main text of this book includes 87 short illustrations and 15 case examples which have been chosen to enlarge speciï ¬ c issues in the text and/or provide practical examples of how business and public sector organisations are managing strategic issues. The case studies which follow allow the reader to extend this linking of theory and practice further by analysing the strategic issues of speciï ¬ c organisations in much greater depth – and often providing

Charles Darwins On the Origin of Species Essay - 2162 Words

Charles Darwin in his book, On the Origin of Species, presents us with a theory of natural selection. This theory is his attempt at an explanation on how the world and its species came to be the way that we know them now. Darwin writes on how through a process of millions of years, through the effects of man and the effects of nature, species have had an ongoing trial and error experiment. It is through these trials that the natural world has developed beneficial anomalies that at times seem too great to be the work of chance. Darwin writes on how a species will adapt to its environment given enough time. When an animal gains a genetic edge over its competitors, be they of the same species or of another genus altogether, the†¦show more content†¦However there are many arguments about his thoughts. Many people do not take the theory of evolution as their choice of doctrines. Instead they believe in Creationism or a hybrid of the two in which God assisted evolution. To these people, Darwin’s theory of Natural selection and evolution is full of holes. One of the strongest arguments presented to evolutionists pertains to the formation of organs of extreme perfection and complication. In On the Origin of Species, Darwin pays particular attention to this question and gives the problem its deserving time. For the purpose of defending his theories, he sites the eye as the organ of extreme perfection. It is true that the eye is a fabulous tool. A light sensitive optic nerve sits at the back of a mechanism that man was incapable of duplicating until the early nineteenth century. A complex series of lenses bend light in such a way that it is focused onto the optic nerve, which can then, in turn, read the light and produce an image in the brain. This is a neat trick, and unfortunately for Darwin a complicated question. To look at the origin of any organ of extreme perfection Darwin found it necessary to trace the lineage of the animal (the one housing the organ) back to its formative ancestors. This is, unfortunately, quite difficult and i mprobable of success. Therefore the only approach to take in this case is to look at a different species that came from the same parent form, or as Darwin puts it, â€Å"collateralShow MoreRelatedEssay on Analysis of Charles Darwins on the Origin of Species2172 Words   |  9 PagesCharles Darwin in his book, On the Origin of Species, presents us with a theory of natural selection. This theory is his attempt at an explanation on how the world and its species came to be the way that we know them now. Darwin writes on how through a process of millions of years, through the effects of man and the effects of nature, species have had a trial and error experiment ongoing. It is through these trials that the natural world has developed beneficial anomalies that at times seem tooRead MoreCharles Darwins Radical New Book On The Origin Of Species1424 Words   |  6 Pages The coalescence of the publication of Charles Darwin’s radical new book On The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection (1859) and the American Civil War (1861-1865) brought about a dramatic end to transcendentalism and the American Romanticism period that dominated the late 18th and early 19th Centuries. American intellectuals began to apply the knowledge gained from Origin of Species to more fields than just biology. This dynamic understanding (evolution) of life ushered in a period ofRead MoreThe Idea of Utilitarianism is Introdroduced to Britain with the Help of Charles Darwins The Origin of Species522 Words   |  3 Pagesto do with that person. During the Victorian age Charles Darwin published a work that opposed the conventional way of thinking about religion. The Origin of Species brought out the theory that man actually evolved from a lower species rather than having been created by a higher person in power, such as god etc. This idea of thinking had broug ht a dark cloud over many citizens during the Victorian age, some questioned their own religion. Darwin’s work was responsible for a huge cultural debate betweenRead MoreOn the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin1148 Words   |  5 PagesOn November 24th, 1859, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life by Charles Darwin (renamed On the Origin of Species 13 years later) was published in London, England. In it, Charles Darwin specified his observations and gave his insight on what he thought caused evolution. He called it natural selection. Before this, nearly everyone believed that a single God created every living organism that none of them had changedRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of The Creation Of Species1560 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish 2 Mr. Johnson 2/16/15 Project Eagle Final Paper: Charles Darwin Charles Darwin has become Christianity’s greatest enemy with his theories of the creation of species and has caused people to turn their backs on faith and look to science to be their religion. The way in which Darwin describes the creation of species in The Origin of Species does not agree with how species are created in Christian teachings. Charles Darwin’s theories have impacted so many different aspects of life fromRead MoreCharles Darwin: Naturalist and Leader in Science1414 Words   |  6 Pages2005) to assess Charles Darwin’s influence as a non-positional leader. I will also show a historical analysis, including my reasons for choosing Darwin as my subject, his background, the success and failures of his influence, as well as his legacy. Finally, I will submit my vision of non-positional leadership and mechanisms for leaders to explore their non-positional roles. Charles Darwin’s influence uses some of Gardner’s â€Å"levers† or factors that are at work in the case of Darwin’s scientific theoriesRead MoreContradiction Between the Theory of Evolution and the Bible947 Words   |  4 PagesCharles Darwin was a British scientist who founded the theory of evolution and changed the way we think about the natural world. Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 and lived during the Industrial Revolution. As a child, Darwin initially planned to become a doctor, but his plan terminated when he joined the five year expedition on the survey ship, the HMS Beagle, in 1831. In the expedition, Darwin developed a theory and published a book call The Origin of Species. This book was the beginning ofRead MoreDarwin s Theory Of Evolution Essay918 Words   |  4 Pages When Charles Darwin wrote The Origin Of Species, there was controversy over his theory of evolution natural selection. Darwin’s theory was debated between Thomas Huxley and Samuel Wilberforce at the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1860. Wilberforce was against the idea that all living things descended from a common ancestor. He was highly critical of Darwin’s research, often arguing in his review that many points in Darwin’s theory did not have enough support to be valid. Read MoreCharles Darwin And Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection1489 Words   |  6 Pagesto discover that this species has been completely altered. This outcome is a direct result of a ubiquitous phenomenon theorized by none other than Charles Darwin, a prestigious naturalist and biologist. This venerable man was able to unveil many revelations regarding variability through the development of his theory of natural selection (Darwin and Huxley xii). Having an inherent ador ation toward nature as a young child likely provided a significant incentive. Though Darwin’s thesis is not immaculateRead MoreCharles Darwins Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Essay1027 Words   |  5 Pageslisten to the theory’s of Charles Darwin. After time Darwin published a book On the Origin of Species, and it was a big success: it’s first printing sold out immediately and a second printing sold out a month later. Darwin’s Theories found their way out of the scientific world and into the business world, eventually ending up in everyday society. Darwin’s father kept the family tradition and became a doctor though he didn’t like his work, he expected his son Charles to take the same sacrifice

Greece Is Experiencing An Unprecedented Economical Crisis

Abstract The past years, Greece is experiencing an unprecedented economical crisis. There is a need for designing and implementing policies aiming to foster economic renewal. A clear need for policies promoting innovation based development has risen. This essay focuses on one of the pre-conditions for innovation based growth in the country of Greece. Priority is given, in the terms of the proper function of labour markets, on the problem of Greek brain drain, with emphasis in the potential effective innovation policies to reverse the current situation. Introduction The economic and financial crisis has hit the Greece hard, with the population being subjected to austerity measures in exchange for financial support from the EU, IMF and ECB. Those measures were drastic and paradigms changes were forced in all the sectors of economic and business life. However, these changes failed to detect the resolve the problem, resulting in even deeper crisis with the violent drop of the quality of life, sudden decline in social welfare and unemployment hitting very high numbers. In this context, it now described as the Greek brain drain, where young and talented Greeks are forced to leave the country and seek employment and a better life abroad. Crisis: Unemployment rates in Greece It is a fact that, despite the reluctant signs of recovery in Greek economy, unemployment rate remains at its highest levels since the beginning of the crisis (27, 2% May 2014).Also Greece has one of theShow MoreRelatedLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pagesown that you think would be useful, we invite you to share them with your colleagues through this Web site. Of course, credit would be given to anyone who submits materials that are used. 1 Introduction Library and information centers are experiencing change in almost every area of responsibility and activity. The only constant in today’s library and information services organizations is change. Recognizing that change is inevitable, coping with its effects, and embracing its outcome are vital

Renaissance in Cinquecento Italy - 1313 Words

Chapter 22: Renaissance in Cinquecento Italy Exercises for Study: 1. Select one of the following pair of artworks and describe the differences you observe between them. Each pair consists of art of the Early Renaissance (Chapter 21) and that of the High and Late Renaissance (Chapter 22). Examine the composition, technique, position of the figures, and facial expressions, as well as any relevant elements of art and principals of design (see handout from September or Google â€Å"art elements and design principals†). ANDREA DEL VERROCCHIO, David 1465 – 1470 or DONATELLO, David, 1440–1460 VS. MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI, David, 1501 – 1504 Interest in humanism and the rebirth of Classical, spur an interest in authentic Roman and Greek†¦show more content†¦Disegno, which means drawing, was the most important element in attempting to achieve perfection. Disengo was found not only in painting, but also in all areas of Florentine art. The importance of nature in Florentine resulted in the study of the natural world, anatomy, and movement. Artists would develop their concepts in detail on separate parchment paper and then transfer them. A work that represents disegno would be Leonardo Da Vinci, The Fetus and Lining of the Uterus. Leonardo used his technique of hatched shading and careful contours to create â€Å"careful contours to describe volume and movement in two artfully posed figures†(Sorabella 1). His drawings placed sensitivity on shading and the tones. In Venice, artists used the colorito, defined as color, to create work with a sense of life. The color palette used by Venetians was a slightly less vivid then Florentine palette, but the colors were layered and blended to achieve a glowing richness. Venetian artists gradually softened their coloring until their manner equaled nature. Venetians attempted to equal nature through the use of light and how light will affect the body. And unlike Florentine painting, compositions were placed directly on the canvas through colored brushstrokes. Titan’s Venus and Adonis, is a good example of how Venetian artists used color to recreate nature. Titan is able to create the mood through intense color andShow MoreRelatedLeonardo Da Vinci : The Italian Renaissance Polymath1114 Words   |  5 Pages(1452-1517) was an Italian Renaissance Polymath: artist, painter, sculptor, architect, musician, athlete, ideologist, writer, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, biologist, geologist, cartographer, botanist, poet, chemist, scientist, and philosopher. Leonardo had some close friends in his life, one of those people was Francesco Melzi (1491-1570). Melzi was Leonardo da Vinci’s pupil until Leonardo’s death. Melzi was born in Milan, Italy and died in Vaprio d Adda, Italy. Another of Leonardo’sRead MoreMcKay AP Euro Cornell Notes Ch 12 133584 Words   |  15 Pageswere due to rising expectations. d. The 1381 revolt in England was due to economic grievances, anti-aristocratic sentiment, and protest against taxes. e. King Richard II and his nobles tricked the peasants into ending the revolt. 2. Workers in Italy (the ciompi), Germany, and Spain also revolted. VI. Race and ethnicity on the frontiers A. Earlier (twelfth and thirteenth century) migrations led to peoples of different ethnic-racial background living side by side. 1. Race meant language

Federalist Paper #10 Analysis Free Essays

Federalist Paper #10 Essay In perhaps the greatest installment of the federalist papers, James Madison describes how factions, which work against the interest of the public, can be controlled through a constitutional government. Factions are defined by Madison as groups of people that gather together to promote their own economic interests and political opinions (gradesaver. com). We will write a custom essay sample on Federalist Paper #10 Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now These factions often work against each other, and infringe upon the rights of others. Most people are concerned with the instability that rival factions can cause. State governments have done little to aid in the disbanding of factions. The situation is so dire that, people are disillusioned with all the politicians and blame the government for their problems (gradesaver. com). According to Madison, factions are inevitable. As long as people share a common belief, they will come together and fight for what they think is right. The reason most people formed factions in the eighteenth century, though, was the distribution of property. Even today, property is divided unequally. Men with more talent or ability tend to possess more land than those who were less gifted. Subsequently, there are many different kinds of property. Men have different wants or needs depending on the type of property they own. For example, the interests of a landowner might be different than that of a businessman (gradesaver. com). It is the governments’ job to manage the conflicting interests of property owners, and to regulate discrepancies between those with and without property. To Madison, there are only two ways to keep factions in check. Remove their causes, and control their effects (gradesaver. com). Unfortunately, the only real ways to manage factions are to either make everyone have the same opinion, or throw away liberty. Destroying liberty would be worse than, â€Å"the disease itself†, and making everyone have the same opinion would be as impossible as trying to tell an atheist there really is a god. Therefore, it is in the nature of man to create groups or factions. That’s why the government created a constitution that could handle the damage caused by factions. The fathers of the U. S. constitution established themselves as a representative government for a reason. Pure or direct democracies cannot possibly control conflicts between factions (gradesaver. com). The biggest factions will always dominate, and there would be no way to protect the weaker ones against an obnoxious individual or strong majority (gradesaver. com). Pure democracies cannot protect property rights, and have always been defined by the conflict they cause. Madison hopes that good men will be elected into office so that those who govern the country will be fair and honest. The opposite is possible though. Some Men are members of particularly large factions who have prejudices or evil motives, and could influence the people of the United States through intrigue or corruption. Although this could happen, it is very unlikely. The likelihood that qualified men will stay in office is higher because the country is big, and there will be more representatives chosen by a greater number of citizens. A representative government is needed in larger countries to protect against the rule of a mob (gradesaver. com). In conclusion, Madison presents these arguments because he believes that the majority of people will not listen the, â€Å"prophets of gloom† who say the new government won’t succeed. Because we feel pride in being Americans, we should cherish and support the idea of being a federalist. How to cite Federalist Paper #10 Analysis, Essay examples

Federalist Paper #10 Analysis Free Essays

Federalist Paper #10 Essay In perhaps the greatest installment of the federalist papers, James Madison describes how factions, which work against the interest of the public, can be controlled through a constitutional government. Factions are defined by Madison as groups of people that gather together to promote their own economic interests and political opinions (gradesaver. com). We will write a custom essay sample on Federalist Paper #10 Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now These factions often work against each other, and infringe upon the rights of others. Most people are concerned with the instability that rival factions can cause. State governments have done little to aid in the disbanding of factions. The situation is so dire that, people are disillusioned with all the politicians and blame the government for their problems (gradesaver. com). According to Madison, factions are inevitable. As long as people share a common belief, they will come together and fight for what they think is right. The reason most people formed factions in the eighteenth century, though, was the distribution of property. Even today, property is divided unequally. Men with more talent or ability tend to possess more land than those who were less gifted. Subsequently, there are many different kinds of property. Men have different wants or needs depending on the type of property they own. For example, the interests of a landowner might be different than that of a businessman (gradesaver. com). It is the governments’ job to manage the conflicting interests of property owners, and to regulate discrepancies between those with and without property. To Madison, there are only two ways to keep factions in check. Remove their causes, and control their effects (gradesaver. com). Unfortunately, the only real ways to manage factions are to either make everyone have the same opinion, or throw away liberty. Destroying liberty would be worse than, â€Å"the disease itself†, and making everyone have the same opinion would be as impossible as trying to tell an atheist there really is a god. Therefore, it is in the nature of man to create groups or factions. That’s why the government created a constitution that could handle the damage caused by factions. The fathers of the U. S. constitution established themselves as a representative government for a reason. Pure or direct democracies cannot possibly control conflicts between factions (gradesaver. com). The biggest factions will always dominate, and there would be no way to protect the weaker ones against an obnoxious individual or strong majority (gradesaver. com). Pure democracies cannot protect property rights, and have always been defined by the conflict they cause. Madison hopes that good men will be elected into office so that those who govern the country will be fair and honest. The opposite is possible though. Some Men are members of particularly large factions who have prejudices or evil motives, and could influence the people of the United States through intrigue or corruption. Although this could happen, it is very unlikely. The likelihood that qualified men will stay in office is higher because the country is big, and there will be more representatives chosen by a greater number of citizens. A representative government is needed in larger countries to protect against the rule of a mob (gradesaver. com). In conclusion, Madison presents these arguments because he believes that the majority of people will not listen the, â€Å"prophets of gloom† who say the new government won’t succeed. Because we feel pride in being Americans, we should cherish and support the idea of being a federalist. How to cite Federalist Paper #10 Analysis, Essay examples

Ethical Issues In Marketing Woolworth And Coles Case Studies

Question: Discuss about the Ethical Issues in Marketing for Woolworth and Coles Case Studies. Answer: Introduction: Ethics in business, especially in the marketing field, is one of the contentious and complicated discipline in the history of business. The relationship between achieving the profits by acting ethically has been studied by both business experts and academics for a significant number of years with very little consensus(Ferrel, 2008, p. 2). This essay explores what entails to do the right thing or the wrong thing while marketing. Ethical marketing is more of the marketers philosophy rather than a marketing strategy(Vassilikopoulou, et al., 2008). The major elements of ethical marketing entail responsibility, fairness and a high degree of integrity in all business advertising. However, the practice of ethics in marketing among many business marketers becomes difficult because to be ethical it is a subjective judgment of determining what is right or wrong(Caner Banu, 2014, p. 153). This subjective judgment among the marketers has led to the establishment of rules and guidelines that the companies should follow while undertaking their marketing activities. To discuss ethical issues in marketing elaborately the paper uses two case studies of Woolworths and Coles companies in Australia that are faced by issues of unethical marketing. In the recent past, the issues of ethical marketing have been in the hot debate. This has been majorly attributable to the economic downturns which sometimes threaten the profits of the companies. To be able to survive in the market in the periods of economic recession some companies engage in unscrupulous business practices. However, some companies have realized the importance of maintaining good ethical practices. Companies practicing ethical marketing practices have become aware that by advertising and promoting their products ethically, they enhance their reputation from the perception of their customers as well as that of the general public(Ferrell, et al., 2005). The research findings have indicated some of the companies which engage in unethical marketing practices they do it unaware. They don't know what it entails ethical and unethical marketing practices. For example, the survey conducted by Ethics Resource Center in 2011 found that forty-three percent of the marketers lack ed ethical integrity(Marketing-Schools.Org, 2012). This just a mere example of how the unethical practices have been rampant among the businesses. Despite ethical marketing being good for the company, it has some advantages and disadvantages(Ferrell, et al., 2005). For example, a company practicing an ethical behavior in marketing will end up building a robust public image. On the other side, it may reduce the company profits as well as competitive advantage in the market. Since, there is no law governing unethical marketing, the majority of the companies prefer adopting the same as the way of increasing their competitive advantage both in the market and in their industry. There are some products to be sold they need a lot of appealing and exaggeration among the customers so that they prefer them when making a buying decision. Otherwise, the ethical marketing practices will kick the company out of the business. However for the companies that aim to enhance their brand image as well as develop a long-term relationship with their customers will prefer adopting an ethical behavior(Gellert Schalk, 2012, p. 102). This because actin g otherwise it may lead to the failure. Customers hate being exploited for the brands they prefer. Additionally, companies acting ethically in their advertisement practices promote an element of trust among their customers. For example, if the product or service translates to the aspects mentioned in its advertising, it builds trust among the customers that the company truly invested on the value and quality of the product. The distinction whether the company is acting in ethically or unethically it is very difficult to establish(Caner Banu, 2014, p. 155). This is because the majority of the companies adopt marketing behavior depending on the economic environment prevailing in the market. This leads many companies to act ethically in a certain aspect and unethically in some other aspects while undertaking their marketing campaigns. This explains how difficult it is for the businesses to act ethically in all situations while in the pursuance of the profits. Either to act ethically or unethically it is an open opportunity for all the companies(Carrigan, et al., 2005, p. 485). The company may decide to either engage in ethical or unethical marketing practice depending on the goals of the company. The company which anticipates building credibility and trust among its stakeholders both in the short run and long run will strive to adopt ethical marketing practice. On the other hand, the business which aims t o maintain high profits, as well as competitive advantage in the market, will end up adopting unethical marketing. For further explanation and understanding of the ethical issues in marketing this essay uses the two case studies of the Woolworth and Coles companies in Australia. The aspects of unethical practices among the Australian business are very common both at macro and micro levels. According to (Nationalist Alternative, 2011) some of the common characteristics of the firms in Australia are, entering into corrupt dealings with the Local Government Councilors to authorize development projects that do not reflect the interests of the people they represent. Second, insider trading among the companies' top management as well as the corporate board. Third, pollution covers without engaging in the adequate social responsibility as the way of compensating the society for the social damage caused. Fourth, selling the countrys minerals to the foreign Governments without the approval from relevant government agencies. Fifth, giving cheap foreign workers priority in employment opportunities instead of the Australian workers. Finally, engaging in unethical marketing practices. These are some of the unethical issues that are very dominant among the Australian busi nesses. Therefore, Woolworths and Coles are just representatives of so many companies practicing unethical business behavior in Australia. Woolworth, a giant supermarket in Australia, has been receiving criticism and condemnations from various groups in the country due to its unethical practices. Woolworth usually does the extensive promotional and advertisement campaigns to promote their products. However, their products, especially the foodstuff products, do not appropriately meet the consumers' needs. The findings have shown that the company products sometimes end up harming the health of the consumers. For example, in 2010 Woolworth was sued by Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) for offering to customers substandard products. This lawsuit forced Woolworth to compensate the infants after it violated the standards of burn-free infant pajamas. Again, in 2013 the Australian Consumer and Competition Commission (ACCC) had found Woolworth guilty for fixing price involving Unilever and Colgate-Palmolive. Alternatively, in 2014 Jamie Oliver advertising received a lot of nationwide condemnation(Knox, 2014). This resulted to Woolworth recalling many of the defective Oliver-branded vegetable-modified toys. Still, in 2014, there arose allegations that the company dairy products did not meet the ethical standards. This was against the marketing campaigns that depicted a label of a cow in their products feeding on grass. However, the cows that produced the dairy products for the company never fed on natural grass(Caroline, 2014). Again, in 2015 there was a heated debate whether the Woolworth marketing strategy was unethical practice or a genius act (Henriquez Russell, 205)t. This was because the company targeted the buyers through the children. After shopping the customers were offered with free dominos and this caused the children to persuade and influence their parents to shop in Woolworth. Similarly, the same unethical marketing practices have encountered Coles. Coles also known as Wesfarmers has found itself in conflicts with ACCC due to unacceptable marketing strategies. In 2014, Coles was fined by court for availing misleading information on some of their products that had indicated they had been manufactured in Australia. Again, in the same year Coles was fined by the court for the misleading information on its marketing campaign about Coles Bakery and Cuisine Royale. The slogan on these two products which indicated that Baked Today, Sold today and in specific scenarios freshly Baked In-Store were deceptive and misleading(Austrlian Competition and Consumer Commission, 2014). However, these products were not even made in Australia as it had been indicated. For example, products resulting from bread were partially prepared by a separate supplier. On the other side, Cuisine Royale was not even being prepared in Australia but in the foreign nation whereby it was partia lly prepared and finished in the stores of Coles supermarkets. In addition to Woolworths and Coles engaging in the retails stores, it seems the companies want own everything. They have engaged in other business such as petrol stations which is totally different from their sole purpose(Knox, 2014). From the analysis of the two companies unethical marketing practices, it is clear that competition among the two giant supermarkets has resulted in the unethical business behavior. Conclusion Ethical marketing is the fundamental aspect of the business anticipating to operate in the market in the long run. Businesses that act ethically in their marketing campaigns tend to establish a good and long-lasting relationship with their customers. In addition to reliable relations with their existing customers, they also influence the new pool of potential customers through their robust reputation. However, despite ethical marketing practice having advantages it also has some disadvantages. For example, the business may end up failing if the competition in the market is tough and it may require a lot of appellation and exaggeration to sell. On another side, acting unethically among the marketers may help the company attain a competitive advantage. However, this competitive advantage is not sustainable and therefore short-lived. Unethical marketing practice has many drawbacks that supersede the benefits companies should highly focus on eliminating them. References Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, 2014. Federal Court finds Coles Freshly Baked and Baked Today marketing claims misleading. [Online] Available at: www.accc.gov.au//media-release/Federal- Court -finds- Coles Freshly Baked and Baked Today marketing claims misleading [Accessed 17 August 2016]. Caner, D. Banu, D., 2014. An Overview and Analysis of Marketing Ethics. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 4(11), pp. 151-158. Caroline, 2014. Are we being milked?. [Online] Available at: https://www.travelwrite.co.za/milking-consumers-over-dairy-claims/ [Accessed 17 August 2016]. Carrigan, M., Marinova, S. Szmigin, I., 2005. Ethics and international marketing. International Marketing Review, 22(5), pp. 481-493. Ferrel, L., 2008. Marketing Ethics, Wyoming: University of Wyoming. Ferrell, O. C., Fraedrich, J. Linda, F., 2005. Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making and Cases. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Gellert, F. Schalk, R., 2012. Age-related: Attitudes the influence on relationships and performance at work. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 26(1), p. 98117. Henriquez, M. S. Russell, E. L., 205. Is Woolworths targeting strategy Genius or Unethical?. [Online] Available at: https://mpk732.wordpress.com/2015/04/06/mauricio/ [Accessed 17 August 2016]. Knox, M., 2014. Supermarket Monsters: Coles, Woolworths and the Price We Pay for their Domination.. [Online] Available at: https://www.themonthly.com.au/issue/2014/august/1406815200/malcolm-knox/supermarket-monsters [Accessed 17 Agust 2016]. Marketing-Schools.Org, 2012. Ethical Marketing. [Online] Available at: https://www.marketing-schools.org/types-of-marketing/ethical-marketing.html [Accessed 17 August 2016]. Nationalist Alternative, 2011. Ethics for Australian Business. [Online] Available at: https://www.natalt.org/2010/01/29/ethics-for-australian-business/ [Accessed 18 August 2016]. Vassilikopoulou, A., Siomkos, G. Souvlaki, C., 2008. The Ethical and Unethical Dimensions of Marketing. Management Review: An International Journal, 3(2), pp. 49-60.

Social Interactions and Friendship Quality †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Social Interactions and Friendship Quality. Answer: Introduction The Grand Theft Auto (GTA) game series is one of the most successful video games ever developed, a fact that is well portrayed by popularity and revenue streams. In fact, GTA 4 broke the Guinness World Book of record to be the most revenue generating entertainment product within 24 hours (MGN Ltd., 2013). In the aspect of popular culture, GTA is more than just a video game. It is evident that the game is taken as a serious investment by its developers who invested a total amount of $160 M, an equivalent of the same amount that was used to make blockbuster box office movies such as the Fast and Furious (Fritz, 2013). However, amidst the frenzy and the financial success that the GTA video game enjoys, just like other action packed video games, is an equivalent load of backlash from many groups of people who do not subscribe to what the game promotes. An article by The Irish Times Ltd. reported that there were so many complaints about GTA, citing its promotion of violence, a culture of murder, objectifying women, and misogyny (The Irish Times Ltd., 2008). While the video game itself contains very violent graphics and depicts a sense of sexual arousal, people fail to observe that what the game depicts is merely what is in the real world. In fact, video games are the virtual reality of the real-life. It is, therefore, important to explain that video games are only mirrors of the society and are not part of the formation of the societys belief systems. This report aims at pointing out other forms of popular culture that perpetrate similar acts that are vilified in video games. The report focuses on GTA because of its popularity well as controversy. Objectification of Women One of the major criticism of video games, specifically, the Grand Theft Auto is that it sexualizes and objectifies women. Female characters in GTA are usually skimpy dressed and curvy. While the critics pin this against the entire game, they fail to understand that objectification of women is present even in the music industry. A study by the University of Missouri found that female artists objectified themselves just as much as the male did them (Frisby, 2012). Furthermore, in music videos and movie scenes where real women acted, out of their own consent, women are always represented as objects that need protection. If women can promote objectification at their own will, it makes no sense at all to claim that animated characters in video games are any worse. In addition, video games will work on an already existing notion in the head of the player so as to make it interesting. That is, by making the video game about tough men saving attractive women, the player feels right because they resonate with it already. Another point used by video games critics to attack the gaming industry is violence. Often, the Grand Theft Auto has been criticized for depicting violent scenes and thus promoting violence. Critics argue that, when young people get exposed to such games over and over again, they are likely to try acts of violence (The Irish Times Ltd., 2008). In fact, one study published in the Journal of Adolescence claims links video games to moral disengagement. The article claim that, people who play video games are more likely to try alcohol (Gabbiadini, Andrighetto and Volpato, 2012). However, this study acknowledges that their research is inadequate and therefore further research needs to be done. An important point to note is that there is no definite correlation between violence and video games but there is a correlation between poverty and violence. This contradicts the popular belief since rich people are more likely to have the money to afford the luxury of video games than poor people. Although video games are not necessarily evil, they impact the way the society operates and how its members live. Exposure to video games such as the GTA may lead to sexual arousal because of the graphics used (Fritz, 2013). In addition, long term exposure to video games affect the social life off players and may distort their ability to interact with others in the real world. A study published by The John Hopkins University found that people who played excessive video games had fewer friends and therefore an unhealthy lifestyle (Colder Carras, 2015). It, therefore, is important to note that video games may have negative effects to if done in excess. Conclusion Although video games are vilified for their content, it should also be understood that they are a form of entertainment like other acts in the popular culture. There may be some negative side of video games but they cannot be blamed for all the immorality that is taking place in the society. Developers should ensure correct rating to prevent the games from landing in the hands of minors. If all stakeholders, that is, developers, parents, and players do their part, video games can be a safe entertaining art like they are meant to be. References Colder Carras, M. (2015).Video game play, social interactions and friendship quality in adolescents: A latent class analysis. Ph.D. The John Hopskin. Frisby, C. (2012). Female musicians found to objectify themselves.Columbia Daily Tribune, [online] p.5. Available at: https://ezproxy.library.ewu.edu/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.library.ewu.edu/docview/1000331018?accountid=7305 [Accessed 24 Aug. 2017]. Fritz, B. (2013). A Game Designed to Disturb; A Look at the $160 Million 'Grand Theft Auto V'.Wall Street Journal (Online). [online] Available at: https://ezproxy.library.ewu.edu/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.library.ewu.edu/docview/1433101272?accountid=7305 [Accessed 24 Aug. 2017]. Gabbiadini, A., Andrighetto, L. and Volpato, C. (2012). Brief report: Does exposure to violent video games increase moral disengagement among adolescents?.Journal of Adolescence, 35(5), pp.1403-1406. MGN Ltd. (2013). GTA5 is a world beater. [online] p.9. Available at: https://ezproxy.library.ewu.edu/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.library.ewu.edu/docview/1440167073?accountid=7305 [Accessed 23 Aug. 2017]. The Irish Times Ltd. (2008). More than a game. [online] p.5. Available at: https://ezproxy.library.ewu.edu/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.library.ewu.edu/docview/309042944?accountid=7305 [Accessed 24 Aug. 2017].

Great Gatsby Essays (653 words) - The Great Gatsby,

Great Gatsby The more things change, the more they stay the same "The Times They are a-Changin, or so 60's singer/songwriter Bob Dylan thought. But have we really matured enough as people to say that racism and prejudice are no longer words in the English vocabulary? Most people like to think so, but the facts paint a different picture. The novel, The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald can be used to illustrate these points. In the mid-20's, when American author F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote The Great Gatsby, it was common to use words to describe African American people that today would be seen as offensive and degrading. Mainly the sole purpose of using such words were to depict African Americans as objects, not human beings. When Nick describes the "two Bucks" and a Negro girl passing them in a horse-drawn carriage with a white chauffeur he thinks to himself "Anything can happen now that we've slid over this bridge anything at all" This shows how people in Fitzgerald's time reacted to free black families. Nick describes the black males as "Bucks" because that's the name people used when they auctioned them off as slaves. He couldn't just refer to them as "men" or "gentlemen" because it was inappropriate to give blacks a high status. Throughout the novel discussing the downfall of the white race is a common topic. Tom and Daisy share thoughts about the downfall over dinner and Tom states that "If we don't look out the white race will be-will be utterly submerged," and Daisy follows that comment up with "We've got to beat them (minorities) down." Because nobody looks the same and because people fear anything different, they had no choice but to fear minorities. If you were not wealthy and white, you were feared. But racism wasn't the only degrading thing in the book; characters spoke condescendingly about people's financial status as well. If you lived in East Egg, you were wealthy and glamorous. If you lived in West Egg, you were well off but not nearly as wealthy as the people in East Egg. And because Nick lived in West Egg, Tom thought of himself as the better man. "Just because I'm stronger and more of a man than you are," declares Tom to Nick about his overrated ego. It wasn't only Nick who was the "outsider", Gatsby was as well. If Gatsby would've been rich in the beginning of his life, Daisy would have married him instead of Tom, and Daisy proudly admitted that to Gatsby, but sobbed when she had to tell Tom. And now here we are in the late 90's and times are still pretty much the same. People still think they are better than you are if they are richer or are a different race. A recent article in the Sacramento Bee on Ex-Ku Klux Klan leader David Duke states facts that show we really haven't changed. Duke, who is running for U.S. Congress states proudly he will be "the first to stand up openly and proudly" to defend the rights of Christian whites. He and Edward Fields read a 30-minute speech blaming Jews and Israel for the ills of the world. They also stated that American culture is overly influenced by African Americans and other minorities and that that should come to an end. Duke ended his speech by saying, "If we lose European Americans, we lose America." How can this be any different than Tom's? "If we don't look out the white race will be-will be utterly submerged." It was scary for me to see how similar Duke's quote and the comment made by Tom in Fitzgerald's story are so similar after 70 something years. I guess that really does show that even after all of these years, we still have not changed. I think rapper Tupac Shakur said it best when he said, "It's time for us as the people to start making some changes. Let's change the way we eat, let's change the way we live, and let's change the way we treat each other. Because it's up to us as the people to survive."

Word Order in Spanish

Word Order in Spanish The subject of word order in Spanish can be quite complex, so this lesson should be considered merely an introduction. As you study Spanish, you will encounter a wide variety of ways of ordering words in a sentence, many of them ways that are impossible or awkward in English. In general, Spanish is more flexible with its word order than English is. In both languages, a typical statement consists of a noun followed by a verb followed by an object (if the verb has an object). In English, variations from that norm are used mostly for literary effect. But in Spanish, changes in the word order can be heard in everyday conversation or seen frequently in everyday writing such as that found in newspapers and magazines. Typical Word Orders The chart below shows examples of some common ways of ordering words. Note that in many sentences the subject can be omitted if it can be understood from the context. As a beginning student, you dont need to memorize these word-order possibilities, but you should be familiar with these common schemes so you dont trip over them when you come across them. Type Order Example Comment Statement Subject, verb Roberto estudia. (Roberto is studying.) This word order is extremely common and can be considered the norm. Statement Subject, verb, object Roberto compr el libro. (Roberto bought the book.) This word order is extremely common and can be considered the norm. Statement Subject, object pronoun, verb Roberto lo compr. (Roberto bought it.) This word order is extremely common and can be considered the norm. Object pronouns precede conjugated verbs; they can be attached at the end of infinitives and present participles. Question Question word, verb, subject Dnde est el libro? (Where is the book?) This word order is extremely common and can be considered the norm. Exclamation Exclamatory word, adjective, verb, subject Qu linda es Roberta! (How beautiful Roberta is!) This word order is extremely common and can be considered the norm. Many exclamations omit one or more of these sentence parts. Statement Verb, noun Sufren los nios. (The children are suffering.) Placing the verb ahead of the noun can have the effect of placing more emphasis on the verb. In the sample sentence, the emphasis is more on the suffering than who is suffering. Statement Object, verb, noun El libro lo escribi Juan. (John wrote the book.) Placing the object at the beginning of the sentence can have the effect of placing more emphasis on the object. In the sample sentence, the emphasis is on what was written, not who wrote it. The pronoun lo, although redundant, is customary in this sentence construction. Statement Adverb, verb, noun Siempre hablan los nios. (The children are always talking.) In general, Spanish adverbs are kept close to the verbs they modify. If an adverb starts a sentence, the verb frequently follows. Phrase Noun, adjective la casa azul y cara (the expensive blue house) Descriptive adjectives, especially ones that describe something objectively, usually are placed after the nouns they modify. Phrase Adjective, noun Otras casas (other houses); mi querida amiga (my dear friend) Adjectives of number and other nondescriptive adjectives usually precede the noun. Often, so do adjectives being used to describe something subjectively, such as to impart an emotional quality to it. Phrase Preposition, noun en la caja (in the box) Note that Spanish sentences can never end in a preposition, as is commonly done in English. Command Verb, subject pronoun Estudia t. (Study.) Pronouns are often unnecessary in commands; when used, they nearly always immediately follow the verb. Sample Sentences Demonstrating Spanish Word Order The sentences below  are examples of Spanish as it is most commonly ordered: La atencià ³n a los recià ©n llegados es un reto para las Fuerzas de Seguridad. (Attention to the recently arrived is a challenge for the Security Forces. Here the word order is almost to what you would find in English.) Diagnostican por error una gripe a una joven y terminan amputndole la pierna. (They diagnosed the flu by mistake in a boy and ended up amputating his leg. Here the phrase por error, meaning by mistake, is kept closer to the verb, diagnostican, than it would be in English.) Un coche blanco ser ms fresco en verano. (A white car will be cooler in summer. The adjective blanco, meaning white, comes after the word for car, coche, not before.)  ¿Dà ³nde estn las oportunidades? (Where are the opportunities? In simple questions, English and Spanish word order can be identical.) Es importante que me diga con quià ©n saliste. (It is important that you tell me who you left with. The pronoun object me, me in English, comes before diga, you left,  the reverse of English. And while the English sentence ends with the preposition with, in Spanish con must come before the word here for who, quià ©n.) Key Takeaways Although word order in Spanish is often similar to that of English, Spanish can be more flexible.Among the key differences are  that descriptive adjectives usually follow nouns, and Spanish sentences cannot end in a preposition.Spanish adverbs usually are placed next to or very close to the words they modify.

Nature of Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Nature of Philosophy - Essay Example According to Nash (2010), the nature of philosophy is the way people live and view the world. It points out clearly how people live a life without a god. Nash (2010) argues further that philosophy is a way of comprehending the world around us. This implies that its nature includes the ability to view something and interpret it into realities that make sense to us. Philosophy has a vital purpose to us. It helps us apprehend what world view is. We are able to attain a good understanding of our own world views. It guides us to improve our own ways of viewing the world. Philosophy makes us become familiar with world view of others. We are able to know that world views are different. For instance, our world view as students differs with those of Plato and Socrates (Nash 2010). Philosophy has a great response to the ultimate questions in the world. It provides possible solutions to the ultimate causes in the world. It also explains the purpose of existence of human beings. This implies that the study of philosophy will help us comprehend who we are. Finally, it assists us to adapt to our world. Finally, Philosophy plays a major in recognizing people’s values in the world. It does not take sides. Instead, it provides a space for all manner of thinking. It serves the purpose like that of the chief judge in a government. This means that it listens, comprehends and analyzes all circumstances in a given situation. Discussion of the World Views World view contains people’s answers to key questions in life. It is a systematic roadmap with an individual’s beliefs. It has factual views of life and the globe. Many views of the world lack consistency. Therefore, few of them are complete with a systematic steadiness. It is a vital thing to attain a high awareness of world view. World view helps others to understand their own world views. We can also aid them accomplish a systematic and consistent world view. This implies that a world view is a scheme consisting of our fundamental beliefs. Through it, we are able to judge and interpret our realities. It is fundamen tal to note that world view operates in a similar way the eyeglasses work. For instance, the right eyeglass has the capability to put the planet into a clear focal point. Therefore, the world view can also perform the same duty of eyeglass. This also implies that when people view the world imperfectly, reality does not make sense to them. This means that it is of essence to view the world with the right world view framework. It will impact positive consequences on people’s way of thinking and acting (Nash 2010). Components of World View Beliefs about God Any world view has a vital element. A world view differs greatly over basic questions about God. For instance, is there God? What is His nature? Is God a human being? And who created God? These conflicting views result to inconsistent world views. This is because different world view systems have diversified world views concerning God. For instance, the Hinduism and Buddhism differ from the Judaism and Christianity about the beliefs of God. Therefore, the view of God is an important component of World view. Ultimate Reality World view entails of solutions to questions about the universe. For instance, the world view responds to questions like: Who created the world? What is the main purpose of the world? Will the universe be destroyed finally? Is the universe spiritual, material or something different? These questions do not take place in most people. But anyone reading Ronald’s book of ultimate Questions of life will think about them. They will hold beliefs about some of them (2010). Theory of Knowledge People in the world strongly hold to this belief of epistemology. They have different opinions once they are asked about the possibility of the knowledge about the world. They will always provide no and yes answers. Some of the key questions in relation to epistemology are: Can we really trust our own senses? What are the main

Pre Maritial Genetic Screening Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pre Maritial Genetic Screening - Essay Example Genetic diseases will occur when there is an alteration in the DNA and it is well known that substances present in smoke, tobacco or radiation from the sun can easily alter the materials in the cells. Inherited diseases are usually caused by mutated genes which are inherited by an individual from either of the parents and in the thousands of genes we possess in our cells, the faulty gene might just be one of the thousands (Commmittee on Publication Ethics 218). Since the genetic diseases vary greatly there are several different methods that can be applied based on the type of the disease? There are four types of genetic disorders found to exist these are; single gene, multifactorial, chromosomal and mitochondrial. A gene can be mapped as one of the methods to deal with the conditions. The genes position within the chromosomes can be determined by mapping either physically or genetically (Schork N. 103) With the position established, then it becomes possible to tell of any possible links between the genes. Gene testing is another simple way to determine whether the person contains the genes that cause genetic disorders. A chemical method known as gene splicing can be used which involves the cutting out part of the DNA in the gene and replacing it with a new piece. Alternatively genes can also be silenced by geneticists to prevent harmful effects of the gene (Ishak 273-286). Premarital genetic screening first of all is very important for couples as it will help them determine their compatibility. This testing will allow the couples to determine the presence of any genetic disease, strategize on the management measures and seek treatment for the same (Zi 637-638). By undergoing this test the designate couple will be well informed about their predisposition to certain diseases and the odds of their passing on those diseases to their unborn children. If the couple is expecting a baby, then proper utilization of genetic screening will allow

Corus strip products UK’s change management

Corus strip products UK’s change management Corus was formed in 1999 when the former British steel plc merged with Dutch company, Hoogovens. Corus has three operating division, first is strip products, second is long products and third is distribution building system. Corus strip products UK (CSP UK) is based at port Talbot and Llanwern, Newport in south wales. CSP UK makes steel in strip form. This is used in markets such as vehicle manufacture, construction, electrical appliances, tubes and packaging. Corus aims to be a leader in the steel industry by providing better products, higher quality, customer services better value for money than its rivals. In the 2005 CSP UK introduced a cultural plan for change called The journey. The journey focused value and belief of its people. This case study is mainly focused on how Corus strip UK has overcome barriers to change in order to secure a more prosperous future for the business. Using example, explain what is meant by internal and external drivers for change? Introduction: Business, now-a-days is vitally affected by the  economic, social, legal, technological and political factors. These factors collectively form business environment. Business environment, as such, is the total of all external forces, which affect the organisation and operations of business. The environment of an organisation has got internal, operational and general lives managers must be aware of these three environmental levels and their relationship and importance. The term business environment implies those external forces, factors and institutions that are beyond the control of individual business organisations and their management and affect the  business enterprise. Above we describe the environmental factors that require managers to implement comprehensive change programme. Business must respond to these changes to remain competitive and continue to meet the needs of their customers. They need the commitment and support of key stake holders groups such as employees, in order to ensure changes are embedded to shape the organisation for the long term. Basic meaning of the drivers for change: Drivers are something like barriers which are affecting to the business and we must need to change in the organisation to continue running business is good situation in the market. If there is anything that is stead fast and unchanging, it is change itself. Change is inevitable, and those organizations who do not keep up with change will become unstable, with long-term survivability in question.   There are things, events, or situations that occur that affect the way a business operates, either in a positive or negative way. These things, situations, or events that occur that affect a business in either a positive or negative way are called  driving forces. In order for a business to succeed and gain the competitive edge, the business must know what changes are indeed occurring, and what changes might be coming up in the future. I guess you might call this forecasting. Thus, critical to the business is what we call  informational resources.  It is the collection and analysis of data. There are two types of organizational drivers for change one is internal driving forces and other is external driving forces. We are discussing both of the drivers in briefly. Drivers to change Internal drivers External drivers Organization of machinery and equipment Competition Technological capacity Customer behaviour and their requirement Organizational culture Industry outlook Management system Financial management Demographics Poor services Economy Competitiveness Technological changes Employee morale Internal drivers: Internal driving forces are those kinds of things, situations, or events that occur inside the business, and are generally under the control of the company. Examples like, organization of machinery and equipment, technological capacity, organizational culture, management systems, etc. There are many types of internal drivers in the business it resist to change. Organization of machinery and equipment: If in the organization does not used the good equipment and powerful machinery or otherwise this machinery fall in always breakdown so at that time industry loss their production and with using old equipment it cannot produce more. Workers mostly needed good equipment to an easily produced. Like, in steel industry has not good manufacturing plant so their employee cannot produce more. Thus these types of problem mainly arise in the production based industry so it can be solve their barriers to rearrangement of machinery and plant. Technological capacity: In the modern time we using the old technology and thats capacity is lower than new one so its a barriers to the organization to change. Like , A tyre manufacture industry produce a 1000 tyre per day and in the market B tyre industry have good technology and they produce 3500 tyre per day so as compare to the B industry have a more production capacity. Thus this is an internal barrier to change technology for company A. Organizational culture: Organization culture mostly depend on the workers and the high level management staff because in the industry needed more workers this all are not in one state and one area, thus they arise a problem of communication and cooperation so all the different cultures employees in the one place divisions in industry, thus all have a different skills and practices for work. People prefer to live in the company of other people with known habits and traits. This is the reason culture act as barrier to effective communication within an organization. E.g. based on distance, distance is major example of communication barrier that affect an organization. Because every industry offices located in different location give little to people to interact in person and major business communication barriers exists between employees located in different offices. Management systems: Most of the industries success depends on their management system, because they know How to they manage their problem, how they create their policy, what are motto, goal and etc. is affected to the industry. If company not have a good management team so how they create a good system and survive in the market. Thus this one is also an internal factor of the low management system in industry. Financial management: If companys financial position is not good or they have no enough money for the investment so how they survive and compete in the market. Like in India Satyam computer corporation have a big staff and a huge industry but their financial management low, because their chair men Raju ram linga fraud to the finance and give the wrong data in the annual report and then in 2009, that fraud is come out in the market and then after government taking a strong step and stop the handling. Poor services: If the organization doesnt give time to time good service than others thats an internal drivers for change. Like, if McDonalds service staff not delivered the food of the customer requirement and its time so its not good for the companys. Its a one types of barriers to McDonalds must to change their service and give the better service to customer. Thus its leading to loss of business. Competitiveness: If the inside business cannot control of price of the product as compare to competitors industry so they must to take some step and resist to change the price of their product and decrease their product cost. Like, CSP steel produced company in the UK could be more expensive than from some other country. Employee morale: Employee morale is also affected to the business. If in the organization have a low morale employee so they have no idea of how they work and cooperate to other in the industry. Generally many employee have no basic idea of work and their behaviour so they have very low standard and employee has not feeling good and they are not satisfied in the industry, thus company must change their employee morale. External drivers: External driving forces are those kinds of things, situation, or events that occur outside of the company and are by a large beyond the control of the company. Examples of external driving forces might be, the industry itself, the economy, demographics, competition, political interference, etc.  All are the external drivers arise in the outside of the organization. Competition: In the competitive corporate world every company find difficulties to survive and they must change to the compete in market. If Corus steel industry does not change the barriers and they not arrange the programme so they feel very difficult to survive in the competitive market. Todays every industry want to stay in stable market position. Industry should create the prediction of the market and they predict to future, shall they need to change or not, like McDonalds and Sugar n spice. Both are good industry but if one can change the quality so other also improve their quality and service. If McDonalds reduce the price and give a good service then sugar n spice also need to change otherwise its lose their position. Customer behaviour and their requirement: Customer is the king of the market so company has to remember their requirement, like what they want? , what change need? Are they requiring a new product and what they expect from company? This all the basic agenda of to make a potential customer. Corus in steel product it require a quality of steel and outlook of the products. I want to give example of Ashok Leyland vehicle industry, they want trolley of the truck but in the desire level like, maximum gage means thickness to steel plate because depend in thickness to their product life. Industry outlook: Industry outlook means company is good or bad in eye of society, group, local and global people. Every company have their own brand image like, coca-cola brand image, coca-cola is good company as per their behaviour towards the society. Because they provide the better environment to society. Demographics: This barrier is based on the area, Like in Gujarat, Reliance fresh open the store in city in one or two and then after two years later domestic area is increase means population is increase so Reliance also increase their fresh mart store in whole area. Economy: This is the major external factor to the industry. Because economy is includes income, salary, financial position, country growth and growth domestic product (GDP) rate. Like Government control the bike production because the increase the pollution on the environment. Technological changes: In modern time technology is ever change on time to time basis. And industry must walk with the time. In the industry to needed change related to efficiency of infrastructure including Roads, ports, airports, rolling stocks, education, health care, technological impact on the industry, etc. What barriers to change existed at Corus? Introduction: Change may challenge people abilities, experience, customs and practice. And also no one companies todays in a stable environment, every one want to change proceed in the business. Here Corus strip products as a company supported the principles of change and innovation. Thus its would like to change every time and innovate their company. First we discuss the whole factor that may resist changing in the organization. Mainly there are two types of source they are resisting to change. Source Individual sources Organizational sources Addiction or habit Structural inertia Security or safety Limited focus of change Economic factor Group inertia Fear of the unknown Threat to expertise Selective information processing Threat to established power relationship Threat to established resource allocation Others Individual sources : Addiction or often involuntary behaviour : Addiction means a one types of habit to repeat some and some habit, to cope with lifes complexities to responses. But when confronted with change, this tendency to respond in our accustomed ways becomes a source of resistance. For E.g.: In the company employees have a more habit related to a job post, like one who seated in the marketing managerial and this person transfer to the production manager post, so they fed this is wrong or right, its depend on his habit. Security or safety protection : In an every way and in place people want to first basic need and second security. Here people with a high need for security are likely to resist change because it threatens feeling of safety. For E.g.: In an IBM industry more people are doing job related to it. So if company in a difficult situation and difficult want to leave their employees and cut out the salary, this is the basic point of unsecure employee, who lost their job. Here in a Corus company also doing a job relation. So they do the deduct the employee who working in current situation and also deduct the new vacant in the market. Job deduction had been a major thane in the steel industry. Since the 1970s and some of Corus previous change initiations had let to job cut. Economic financial matters : There is many element or economic factor that affects business like income, inflation, recession interest rate, exchange rate and also major elements like economic growth, business cycle, unemployment etc. Business is a now a days is vitally affected by the economic, social, legal, technological and political factors. Corus business has also survived difficult based on employees satisfaction threat to their job. Thus one factor unemployment affect to the Corus because this complacency made change difficult for Corus. Fear of the unknown : Most of the people dont like change because they dont like being change. When comes in to view, fear and resistance to change follows often despite its obvious benefit. In the business people fight against change because they fear to loss something their value or misunderstand to change and its implication or dont think that the change makes sense. In the Corus strip based industrys employees had a fear of the unknown and saw new initiatives as a possible threat to their existing teams and position. More fear affect to the companys value and its reputation. If in the Corus employees has fear to their job so in the market Corus value is down in sight of employee. Selective information processing : Individual are guilty of selectively processing information in order to keep their perception fact. Like is not properly listen what they say, so how they persist and doing this thing. They hear what they want and they ignore information that challenges the world they have created. Organizational sources : Structural inertia : In the structural inertia means organizations have built in mechanism. In a simple word structural inertia means their selection processes and formalised regulations to produce stability. This all are basically depend on the organisation rules and regulation criteria. If in the Corus industry has strong rules and regulation so, no more barriers exist in the company. Here Corus Company is using the principles change and innovation. So its depend on the companies structure what they want and make change. Limited focus of change : Mainly in the company first make strategy and goal of the organization that depend on the process of the business management. If company want to some changes in the strategy so they can do, because its a flexible. If organization process and their strategy is not flexible so end time arise the problem like its barriers to change. So limited changes in system tend to nullified by the largest system. Group inertia : Group inertia in the organization most of people like in production department people want to changes in some norms and regulation based on his working system, so they arise one issue and based on this issue company compulsory make to some resist to change. Threat to expertise : Sometimes changes in organizational patterns may threaten the expertise of specialised group. Threat to established power relationship : In the organization give stable balance of power, authority and responsibility. If any department have more power, so they want anything, and go to in the wrong way. So any redistribution of decision making authority can threaten long established power relationship within the industry. Threat to established resource allocation : In the Corus company have limited resources like its employee and income. Corus company mostly show this resources like capital income and their employees skills and experience so they maximum use this resources. Others : Another issue facing Corus was its ageing workforce. In the UK fewer young people were attracted to the Corus industry because of reduced job opportunities and reduction in apprentice schemes. One more barriers in the Corus its reward system, In the Corus history of rewarding long service rather than distinguished service. Conclusion: I concluded that Corus Company may some changes in the CSP industry. They must change to their attitude towards the employees because most of the employees have fear of unknown. Also they must change their theme, its a job reduction is create a downsizing impression in the market. Corus make fair reward system based on the time based and unit based salary system. Analyse the approaches Corus used to overcome these barriers? Introduction: We cannot solve our problem by spending; we cannot solve our problems cutting back. Education and communication : Mainly depend on the employee s skills and education that they solve the overcome the communication barriers. In the organization a number of barriers can retard or distract effective communication. Like filtering, selective perception, information overload, emotions and language. Corus is overcome these barriers by using the some key technique, like they involve in direct and indirect communication for example provide weekly news letter and workshops. Communication can reduce resistance because it fights the effects of misinformation and poor communication. Participation : Corus has used to overcome resistance to change has been to work closely with employees and share good ideas to each other. This is the main advantage of company because any error in the strategy and in system easily find out and solve in the less time. Corus also participate their employee in decision making because more people easy to take decision. Corus also share with employee to what might happen in the business. Building emotional commitment : Research on the middle manager has shown that when manager or employee has a low emotional commitment to change they favour the status quo and resist it. This approach is based on the companys values and respects their employee. Implementing changes fairly : Corus needed to highlight how to people were behaving. Employee give best response when they think in positive view and mainly unfair action fitted in the mind of employees and they behave in negative way. Involve in decision making : Corus is overcome to these barriers to involve the employee in management decision making and their contribution experience are recognised. Most of the company involve in decision making because more thinkers easy to solve their problem and management also get the different ideas and apply it in the process. Selective people who accept change : Corus used this approach is based on the load of work, they create group on who accept the change and other who dont accept the change. Corus also highlighted that employee become accustomed to working with limited resources and were willing to accept low standards. Coercion : Coercion means the act of pressure or power to force or taking action or steps towards the employee. In the Corus company, workers misuse of alcohol or drug so at that time give first warning and then after they not improve their work so give the punishment and cut out the salary. Conclusion: Corus is using all the key technique and main of the approaches, like work closely with employee, involve in decision making, provide good working environment and become they achieve their targets new values like, honesty, fairness, transparency, integrity etc. and also they accept their high standards and making professionalism, and last one is making a team work to become achieve improvement, excellence and respect. 4. Evaluate the effectiveness of the change programme so far? Introduction : The Corus strip products UK make a cultural plan for change; its called The Journey in the 2005. Company wants wide range of business challenges but the common theme was the fundamental way that people at all level went about their work. They must change the programme because there had been a tragic accident on site and other safety and health is more important issue. There are many effectiveness of this programme to change so far: High production capacity : Corus making a changes in the work environment and give a suggestion to closely work with employee and also arrange the training programme and give direction to workers how the produce more. Employee also knows what might happen in the company. Steel production area is make a secure and employee work without fear in the Corus industry. So its concluded thats depending on the above situation to give the good result. Its show in significant progress. Production capacity is increased by 4.5% to a run rate of 5 million tonnes. Reduce the cost of producing steel : Corus is a steel producing industry so they must control on the steel liquid, gas, machinery power, and equipment. In the change programme Corus change the most of the thing to decrease the producing cost, like they do encourage their employee, provide proper environment. Thus CSP UK achieve the target of the plant is on track to reduce the 20% cost of producing steel. Increase the new comers employees to based on the values : Corus is making a good value to base on the change programme. They change their values professionalism, honesty, integrity, respect, improvement, excellence, fairness and transparency. Depend on this value change in the society and new employee believes on its values and their belief. So based on this change programme Corus values and belief in the business is increased in the market. Thus new 5000 employees signed up in the company. Low Absenteeism rate : All company want to decrease their absenteeism rate and this is shown on the annual report. Corus making some changes in their policy and create a better environment to the benefit of their employee. Corus has improving the redesigning of time schedule and work without stress of employee. Thus in this change programme Corus achieve in this roles and it had a reduction in absenteeism. Improve quality and service : Company must control the quality of products and it can avoid to the defective products or material. In last step is more important to attractive is their service desk area. Corus Company manufactured steel products. So they improve their steel quality and give the best service. Corus is achieving the level of good quality and improve the service to their customer. Increase the care of employee related to health and safety : In the Corus strip products manufacture the steel so in the steel producing industry must show the health safety for their employee. CSP UK based company has associated with the high standards of safety with Corus processes. Corus taking step related to health and safety issue. So they create a new safety teams contribute towards accident free protection. Exceeds government standards : CSP have showed the all significant area. It has that carbon dioxide emissions have reduced by 10%. Company is anything does for the government and for public also, so they must increase their credibility towards them. Now CSP UK exceeds the government standards. Impact on local community society : Every company want to good impression on the society and towards their community. CSP UK has also measurable improvements in the companys impact on this a well defined area or a town. Others : CSP Company also seeing the environment factor and the social factor. Corus provide a new improve entry experience for employees, contractors and suppliers demonstrated. That Corus strip products is now seen as an organization that is proud of itself. Conclusion: Corus company facing up to its internal weaknesses and efficiency, increased output, lower costs and reduce waste in an increasingly competitive market. Corus is not just surviving in the business but it has also grown in the market and expands to their company even during the recession time of 2008 to 2009. Its main aim is to behind this journey programme is a focused on the values and belief of its people and also they needed to change to the tragic accidents on site and other health and safety issues. Thus this case study focuses on how Corus strip products UK has overcome barriers to change in order to secure a more prosperous future for the business.